The Ebola Virus free essay sample

An overview of the Ebola Virus and how it effects its victims. This paper provides an overview of the Ebola Virus and its effects. The author examines its origins, symptoms, types and mode of transmission. The paper includes a study of the various researches done on the virus and current knowledge available. Ebola is a highly lethal virus belonging to the filovirus genus and usually occurs in tropical climates of the world. The virus causes Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF), which is a disease that can affect humans and primates (CDC 2001). With an incubation period of three to sixteen days, onset strikes fast. Symptoms of Ebola hemorrhagic fever are: fever, headache, abdominal pain, sore throat, myalgia, nausea, bleeding, oral-throat lesions, vomiting, and cough. During outbreaks, spontaneous abortion occurs in approximately 80-90% of pregnant women infected with the virus.

Free Essays on Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. And Nonviolent Direct Action

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Nonviolent Direct Action Nonviolent direct action is a means of reform introduced long ago, which is still in use today. The most well-known use of nonviolent direct action was by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. in the 1960’s during the civil rights movement. King was amongst very few civil rights leaders who did not believe in using violence or other immoral behavior to achieve the moral desire of desegregation. King made use of nonviolence to demand a negotiation from those communities that refused to negotiate, and to end violence against the blacks, without using violent means to do so. Nonviolent direct action is a method which was first used by Gandhi. As King was searching for a way to put an end to the white racism and segregation in Montgomery, he read speeches and essays by Gandhi and Thoreau on civil disobedience, and began to discuss the idea of a nonviolent resistance movement with his wife, Coretta King (Sitkoff 48). Determined to devise a strategy, King also studied speeches on the application of Gandhian tactics to the race problem, and other historical examples of direst mass action. Being an educated man, he was well aware that acting violent and extreme against the whites would result only in imprisonment, and would not allow the blacks to gain respect or consideration, and he knew he had to use this information to form a plan that would force the blacks to be heard, and force the whites to see the harsh magnitude of the racial problems in the south. There are four basic steps to any nonviolent campaign, according to King, and these steps are: (1) collection of the facts to determine whether injustices are alive; (2) negotiation; (3) self-purification; and (4) direct action (McQuade and Atwan 737). Direct action creates a crisis and establishes tension which causes a community that has avoided negotiation to be forced to acknowledge and confront the issue at hand. Those involved in ... Free Essays on Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. And Nonviolent Direct Action Free Essays on Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. And Nonviolent Direct Action Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Nonviolent Direct Action Nonviolent direct action is a means of reform introduced long ago, which is still in use today. The most well-known use of nonviolent direct action was by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. in the 1960’s during the civil rights movement. King was amongst very few civil rights leaders who did not believe in using violence or other immoral behavior to achieve the moral desire of desegregation. King made use of nonviolence to demand a negotiation from those communities that refused to negotiate, and to end violence against the blacks, without using violent means to do so. Nonviolent direct action is a method which was first used by Gandhi. As King was searching for a way to put an end to the white racism and segregation in Montgomery, he read speeches and essays by Gandhi and Thoreau on civil disobedience, and began to discuss the idea of a nonviolent resistance movement with his wife, Coretta King (Sitkoff 48). Determined to devise a strategy, King also studied speeches on the application of Gandhian tactics to the race problem, and other historical examples of direst mass action. Being an educated man, he was well aware that acting violent and extreme against the whites would result only in imprisonment, and would not allow the blacks to gain respect or consideration, and he knew he had to use this information to form a plan that would force the blacks to be heard, and force the whites to see the harsh magnitude of the racial problems in the south. There are four basic steps to any nonviolent campaign, according to King, and these steps are: (1) collection of the facts to determine whether injustices are alive; (2) negotiation; (3) self-purification; and (4) direct action (McQuade and Atwan 737). Direct action creates a crisis and establishes tension which causes a community that has avoided negotiation to be forced to acknowledge and confront the issue at hand. Those involved in ...

Global Development Strategy of Siemens AG Case Study

Global Development Strategy of Siemens AG - Case Study Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that in order to capitalize on the strength of the systems that the company has produced over the years as well as opportunities with the advancement of information technology, Siemens AG has come up with the â€Å"EWSD NetManager project.† This project aims to integrate the EWSD network nodes and networks into a user-friendly and graphics based software product to telecoms customers. This integration aims to provide the customers a complete range of facilities in order for them to operate, administer, and maintain the functions of their customers EWSD network nodes and networks. This project requires the expertise in the EWSD technology as well as expertise in desktop computing languages. Siemens over the years has developed distinct specializations in its independently running RDCs. The company RDC in Florida, for example, has developed a significant technical expertise in handling EWSD. However, because the Boca Raton RDC in Florida has been given much independence in their operations, their expertise is usually tailored to those of the needs of the local customers. Thus, the expertise that they have developed has been different from those of the main office in Munich, Germany. Siemens another RDC in Bangalore, India, however, has the technical expertise when it comes to desktop computing languages. These RDCs provide different advantages when it comes to the decision of which one should handle the NetManager project. In pursuing this project, Horst Eberl and Karl-Friedrich Hunke, the two subdivisional co-heads of Siemens Information and Communications Network, have unearthed several hindrances to the implementation and commencement of the NetManager project. When the company has decided to give the task to its Bangalore RDCs because of its technical expertise on desktop computing languages as well the lower costs of operations, the difference in the RDCs way of doing things has to lead to a major crisis in Si emens.

Project management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 13

Project management - Essay Example In this respect, the group flourishes and makes great strides in many academic contests. However, the optimist does not have a strong bond in their grouping. The individual group member are focused on their personal goals rather than the overall group goal achievement. The behavior of the optimist is conservative and limiting in many ways. The optimist group instills the culture of hard work among the members of the society. According to Mccalman (2008), the optimist is associated with stupidity and boredom. The optimist usually is techno-savvy and is the cream of society with regard to literacy and empowerment. The weakness of the group is that it has low social rating. The failure of the group members to interact with people does not deprive them of information on the current affairs. The tendency only makes them less sensitive to the human value other people. Their major focus on machines lie computers is the group’s short-coming. The optimist is the cream of society and th ey are initiators of all innovations within the society. The group’s fortitude enhances exploits in the technological sphere. The group member usually spends much of their time surfing internet. This implies that their lives are solely based on the internet and other computer applications. Slashdot is also a forum, which is frequently accessed by the optimistic members. The optimist also enhances inventions and they help create new gadgets to the market. The theory to be established is the thinking learning theory. This theory will encompass all the aspects of almost all the other learning theory. This owes to the fact that essentially all the processes pertaining to learning are subject to thinking. Therefore, it is prudent to establish this theory based on the fact that thinking is a variable of learning. Mccalman (2008) asserts that cognitive –gestalt theory reveals how a

Personnel Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Personnel Management - Essay Example When a company takes on a particular mode of employer-employee relations, the choice is often dictated by Purcell's (1987) "guiding principles" which give due consideration to such factors as the stockholders' interests, the market conditions in which the company operates, the company's level of growth, management's biases and its perceptions of power and conflict. It is believed that personnel management systems are also determined by the different dimensions of organizational ownership, size, strategy and structure, not to mention past history and market conditions. Based on these influences, the management-labor relations mode that emerges is either the "unitary" or "pluralist" type (Fox, 1966, 1974). The managers inclined to a unitary frame of reference believe that management and employees share a common interest, namely, the survival and growth of the company, and as such should find as aberrant any conflict that may result from the existence of a labor union or any company troublemakers. The pluralist view, on the other hand, recognizes that all stakeholders in the company have legitimate interests that should be met, diverse though they may be. For this reason, the different interest groups, including the unions, are within their rights "to bargain and compete to get a share in the balance of power and to achieve a negotiated order out of diversity (Legge, Karen)." Individualism and Collectivism The unitary and pluralist theory of Fox on employee relations resemble Purcell's concept of individualism and collectivism in many ways, except in the attitude towards unionism and collective bargaining. Individualism and collectivism, as defined, are not opposites but two facets of a managerial belief system concerning employees. The individualist style of management attaches value to the individual and his right to advancement and fulfillment at work. Hence, this leans more on paternalism and eschews the group action characterized by unionism. In a collectivist regime, management recognizes the collective interests and rights of a group of people in the decision making process, which can best be expressed through a labor union. There is another, more radical frame of reference said to be of Marxist origin that looks at society as a jumble of antagonistic class interests. Called "macho management," this theory runs along the same lines of the dog-eat-dog concept in which the weak will be eaten alive by the strong if the former do not watch out. Society, according to this concept, is cleaved by deeply rooted social and political inequalities and is held together as much by coercion as by consent. Management in this configuration keeps a distance from employees and generally treats them with suspicion. As work inducement, the macho managers try to keep the workers in line with the carrot-and-stick approach. 5 Employee Relations Models Under the Purcell and Fox frames of reference, there are five different models of management-employee relations: traditionalist, sophisticated-paternalist, consultative, constitutionalist and standard-modern. The traditional style views people as simply a factor of production, as hands to be exploited or a cost

The Effective Leadership Of Adolf Hitler

The Effective Leadership Of Adolf Hitler From 1939 to 1945 the world was involved in a war that would change history. It is safe to say that World War Two was one of the most prominent wars throughout history. Many of the worlds powerful countries were involved. The Allies fought together to defeat an evil dictator. The Big Three included the United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union. Other countries were involved but these three countries were credited for liberating the Jews. Germany was not a powerful country when Hitler decided to take control. The Nazis claimed they rescued the country from becoming absolute chaos. The Allies, who included the Big Three, and Axis Powers, who were Germany, Italy, and Japan battled generally in Eastern Europe. What is impressive is that a miniscule country was able to annex many parts of Europe. After six treacherous years, Germany was finally defeated. During World War Two, Germany was under the control of Adolf Hitler. Adolf Hitler was born in 1889, in Austria and took over Germany in 1933. He dropped out of school to become an artist but soon figured out it wasnt a fit career, eventually leading him to rule Germany. He had a specific vision for the future of Germany and it did not include Jews. He believed the Aryans were the pure race and should not integrate with other races. Not only was he anti-Semitic, he detested homosexuals, blacks, handicapped, and gypsies. His vision was to destroy the parasites of Germany by vastly executing them. Hitler was great leader because he deceived world leaders, used Aryan youth to his advantage, and took absolute control of mass media. It is said that World War Two could have been completely avoided if the Allies did not appease Hitler. Neville Chamberlin, who was appointed Prime Minister of Britain, felt appeasement was an urgent necessity and he followed this policy with a single-minded determination lacking in any of his predecessors (Wistrich, 98). An agreement was signed in the early morning of 30 September under the terms of which the Germans were to occupy the Sudetenland between 1 and 10 October. Britain believed that money should not be spent on war, but on social welfare programs benefiting the country. Since the Prime Minister of Britain felt it was necessary to appease and avoid any confrontation, other countries followed his lead. Although Chamberlain believed that the United States were isolationists, and did not like the Soviet Union, he felt they would support him with the decisions he made with Germany and Italy (Buchanan, 65). Hitler would not have gained the power that he did if the countries con fronted him when they had the opportunity. Chamberlain felt that Hitler and Mussolini were at heart equally practical men with whom it was possible to negotiate in good faith (Granatstein, 234). Hitler took advantage of the Prime Ministers ignorance. Chamberlain and the rest of the world would soon discover the degree of immorality Mussolini and Hitler had possessed. The world was blindsided with the discovery that Hitler was persecuting Jews in Germany. It is obvious that leaders around the world knew about the suffering in Germany, but not to the certain extent that they later discovered. Photographs of mass graves and mass murder, smuggled out under the most dangerous of circumstances, were also classified as secret. (Darity) Is it possible that the Allies were unaware? Â  Ignorance is the excuse they will use forever. The fact that Hitler kept the suffering of his country a secret was part of his master plan. Even Benito Mussolini who was the leader of Italy, and working very closely with Germany did not understand the extent Hitler took the Holocaust. The Allies were too busy fighting the war to remember that minorities in Germany were suffering the consequence of being different. The mass murders of approximately six million Jews were overlooked for six years. The United States were so unaware about the situation in Germany that even American corporations were working with the Axis Powers. An American company named International Business Machines or IBM was founded in 1911. When Hitler decided to start persecuting Jews, he needed an immediate way to organize them. A massive and complex task that Hitler wanted done could they be targeted for efficient asset confiscation, ghettoization, deportation, enslaved labor, and, ultimately, annihilation (Black, 117). Since computers did not exist at the time, Hitler used IBMs Hollerith punch card technology. There is no way to be certain that if corporations were fully aware of the situation in Germany, that they would still provide their services to the Axis Powers. However, if corporations knew that the mass murders of millions of people depended on their punch cards, it would have been less likely for them to do business with Germany. Nevertheless, it is true that if IBM did not supply the Nazis with their Hollerith punch card technology, they would have potentially saved hundreds of thousands of lives. The technology basically made it faster to record and organized Jews. If the Nazis were to record and organize Jews manually, the process of exterminating the Jews would have taken longer, implicating more lives would have been saved. Hitler discovered it was becoming very simple to manipulate the world as well as his own country. Easily influenced children were something Hitler was determined to take advantage of. The idea of using children in politics was an intelligent scheme. His motive behind using children was both for cultural and political reasons. Culturally, using children was more effective because they would already have racism instilled into their brains and they would have the ability to teach their own children for generations to come. Children are far more likely to follow directions and are effortlessly brainwashed. Hitler had been quoted saying, Youre child belongs to us already, in a short time they will know nothing else but this short community (Duke). By choosing children of a very young age, one could see the easy manipulation tactics the Nazis had used. Children are influenced easily and will do what theyre told. Hitler always emphasized the child belonged to the country and no longer belonged to the parent. He wanted the new generation to follow his ideals of the perfect world. The most useful strategy Hitler used was the Adolf Hitler schools. The schools provided Aryan children to learn without any outside distractions. After Aryan high school children graduated, they would go to a college called Ordensburgen. The main objectives of these colleges were to focus on physical education as well as political education (Mazower, 113). The physical education was significant because they would soon join the army. The political education was in order for the children to learn about their enemies. Gaining knowledge on their enemies allowed for Aryans to gradually despise Allies and Jews. Not only did Hitler separate Aryans into different schools, the curriculum also changed. Schools were teaching subjects like German history but spent more time embedding ideas of nationalism and militarism (Vincent, 345). Schools also put more emphasis on gender roles and race science. The reason for this was to implant racist ideas into a childs head, forcing them to have hatred to wards other races. The Aryan race became the elite and was required to destroy any other race. Hitler informed Aryans that they were the privileged race, allowing them to depend on him in their time of need. The only way Hitler could posses control was if he gained trust from the Germans. Germany was in the middle of a depression. That was the perfect opportunity for Hitler to take advantage of the nation. Nazis claimed they saved Germany from the depression, especially reducing unemployment rates (Wright). When Nazis told the nation that they liberated the country from experiencing more pain from the depression and embarrassment, Germany was easier to manipulate. Since Germany lost World War One, they were forced to sign the Treaty of Versailles and pay ridiculous amounts of money for damages. The country was very deprived because of debts and also a world depression. He used the depression and suffering of the Germans as a way for them to have confidence in his racist ideas. Once they had faith that Hitler was able to have the country obey him without question. He needed an outlet to express his xenophobic views. The most effective way to control your nation is controlling mass media. The two most important forms of propaganda were the radio and the press. Both were successfully controlled by the Nazis. When the Nazis first came into power, one of their first duties was to replace all radio and press employees with ones that believed in Nazi ideology (Duke). The important decision was made in order for Germany to understand the message. Hitlers obvious message was conformity. He believed that the Aryans were the pure race, and they should think very similarly. The problems with conformity were the Jews. Since Hitler detested them, he needed an immediate way to exterminate them. Hitler used many strategies to hold them responsible for Germanys financial situation. With replacing many of the media staff workers Hitler showed the significance of the Nazi ideology and consequence of not following it. One of the strongest points of the Nazi ideology was that they were utterly opposed to social and economic equality towards women. (Darity) Media workers and feminists who had different opinions on how the country should be run did not have a voice anymore. With the media now being very one-sided it created turmoil between Jews and Aryans. The success of the Nazis controlling media was a significant component to the suffering the Jews encountered during the Holocaust. Increasing propaganda posters and radio advertisements changed German perspective on Jews. Once seen as contributing members of society, turned into enemies of Germany. Hitler forced Germans to view his anti-Semitic philosophy. He used Jews as a scapegoat as the reason to why Germany was in distress. By using propaganda he vilified Jews and made Germany believe Jews were to blame for all the stressful issues they was faced with. Although anti-Semitic views existed in the past, Hitler used nationalism as inspiration to betray Jews (Cook). Not only did the Nazis use propaganda, they used pieces of art, literature, music, and cinema. When dictating which art pieces could be displayed to the public, he understood that the citizens paid attention to any form of media and would be influenced by discriminatory art. Besides controlling media, the Nazis were controlling culture as well. They banned over 20,000 books during the burning of the books to promote German values. All degenerate art was destroyed. Books that were destroyed included liberal, left-wing, pacifist or Jewish elements (Todd, 210). Aryans were becoming very accustomed to being the privileged few. Hitlers reign proved to be very successful while he was in power because his many accomplishments. The techniques Hitler used which included manipulation of world leaders and controlling youth and media were evidence that he was a substantial leader. By looking at how he gained power and maintained it for many years, one would see he clearly instilled fear in his country. Although his scheme may have been unethical, Hitler changed the perspective on a whole race. He gained the trust of the whole nation and they were willing to sacrifice their innocent children and betray neighbours. He skillfully persuaded his country to follow him blindly into war. Although Germany lost World War Two, and millions of deaths were documented from all of the countries involved in the war, Hitler will be recorded in history not only for his immoral actions but also for his ability to gain and maintain power while his people followed adoringly.

austrailia foreign policy :: essays research papers

Australian Foreign Policy What is Foreign Policy? Foreign Policy is a nations’ attitude, actions (ie economic sanctions, peacekeeping, military activity) as well as our dealings with other countries (ie trade, immigration, aid, defence) and anything that is directed towards preserving and furthering certain national interests. Foreign Policy seeks to maintain national security, promote economic and trade interests, expand regional and global links, and promote the nation as a good global citizen. Why is FP unique in terms of FP making? Indeed, FP is unique in terms of policy making, largely because it requires little legislation. In essence, governments do not have to face a review of their policy enshrined in legislation in the Senate. Arguably FP may be made with little reference to Parliament as it usually obtains bi-partisan support as recently exemplified by the outstanding Labor Party support for an additional Medicare levy to cover the costs of Australian peacekeeping forces in East Timor. Consequentially, FP is seldom a topic for elections as it does not directly affect the electorate, nor does it gather the same level of community participation or interest as many other policies. Key features†¦ A 1997 White Paper on Foreign and Trade Policy called ‘In the National Interest’ is the most important single statement on FP in recent years. It set the guideline for FP according to the National Interest. Implicit in the National Interest is to maintain national security through international diplomacy and readiness to defend the continent and territories against possible armed attack or other aggression, to protect and promote the nation’s economic welfare and living standards, which increasingly depend on global economic growth, free international trade and the confidence of global international markets, and to keep our democratic way of life, and our civil and political liberties. A more recent foreign policy priority is the promotion of the nation as an active and responsible global citizen. Success in this area is measured by our response to human rights, terrorism, third world debt, and drug issues. Australia already has a well deserved international reputation because of the work of previous foreign ministers, e.g Bill Hayden and Gareth Evans on human rights. Key players and their roles†¦ Decisions about FP are made by the executive and the bureaucracy making it incompatible with the democracy that Australia is. The government can dominate foreign policy in a way that it cannot dominate domestic policy.

Impact of Advertising on the Youth

Positive Effects Of Advertisement On Kids †¢Advertising makes the kids aware of the new products available in the market. It increases their knowledge about the latest innovations, in the field of technology as well as otherwise. †¢Convincing ads, which center around healthy food products, can help improve the diet of a child, if they are attractive enough. Negative Effects Of Advertisement On Kids †¢Advertisements encourage the children to persuade their parents to purchase the products shown in the commercials, whether useful or not.The little ones tend to get adamant, if they are not bought the product. †¢Children often tend to misinterpret the messages conveyed in commercials. They overlook the positive side and concentrate more on the negatives. †¢Many advertisements in the present times include dangerous stunts, which can be performed only by experts. Even though the commercials broadcast the statutory warnings with the ad, the kids often try to imitate the stunts at home, with fatal results. †¢The flashy advertisements broadcast in television generate impulse shopping in children. Children, after watching the glitter of commercials, often lose the ability to live a life without materialistic joy. †¢The kids usually get more attracted towards the costly branded products, such as jeans and accessories. They disregard the inexpensive, but useful, ones that are not shown in the commercials. †¢Advertisements have an indirect effect on the behavior of children. They might develop temper tantrums, when deprived of the latest toys and clothes that are shown in the commercials. †¢The personal preferences in clothing, toys, food and luxurious of children are altered by the advertisements, to a great extent. Junk foods, such as pizzas, burgers and soft drinks, are heavily promoted during children's TV viewing time. This develops a craving for fatty, sugary and fast foods in kids, thereby affecting their health adversely. Positive Effects of Advertisements on Kids 1) Advertising makes the kids aware of the new products available in the market. It increases their knowledge about the latest innovations, in the field of technology as well as otherwise. 2) Convincing ads, which center around healthy food products, can help improve the diet of a child, if they re attractive enough. Negative Effects Of Advertisement On Kids 1) Advertisements encourage the children to persuade their parents to purchase the products shown in the commercials, whether useful or not. The little ones tend to get adamant, if the product is not bought for them. 2) Children often tend to misinterpret the messages conveyed in commercials. They overlook the positive side and concentrate more on the negatives. 3) Many advertisements in the present times include dangerous stunts, which can be performed only by experts.Even though the commercials broadcast the statutory warnings with the ad, kids often try to imitate the stunts at home , with fatal results. 4) Flashy advertisements broadcast in television generate impulse shopping in children. 5) Children, after watching the glitter of commercials, often lose the ability to live a life without materialistic joy. 6) Kids usually get more attracted towards costly branded products, such as jeans and accessories. They disregard the inexpensive, but useful ones that are not shown in the commercials. ) Advertisements have an indirect effect on the behavior of children. They might develop temper tantrums, when deprived of the latest toys and clothes that are shown in commercials. 8) The personal preferences in clothing, toys, food and luxurious of children are altered by advertisements, to a great extent. 9) Junk foods, such as pizzas, burgers and soft drinks, are heavily promoted during children’s TV viewing time. This develops a craving for fatty, sugary and fast foods in kids, thereby affecting their health adversely.

Appraisal Questionnaire Essay

1. Introduction Explain the purpose and structure. The performance appraisal is an opportunity to discuss on performance related issues, give clear feedback and reach a mutual agreement on objectives and what can be improved, finalising with a plan for further development. †¢ How do you think your performance was over the past six months – from December to May so I can a feedback from you and then have a discussion on that. †¢ What has gone well and what do you think was success for the period? 2. Measure on performance. 2.1. Areas of responsibilities/ Company business goals. †¢ Do you understand the targets and how to achieve them and how they comply with the company business goals: 2.2. Confirm what successful issues were. †¢ Will you summarise what do you mark as your personal success in regard of your responsibilities? 2.3 Areas that need improvement/ Behind target †¢ Which are according to you the areas of performance that need improvement? †¢ What factors have an impact on your performance? †¢ Do you think you may need any assistance and further couching? †¢ Are you ready to meet new challenges? 2.4.Offer support †¢ Is there anything you would like us to do in order to support you? †¢ Do you think regular reviews (one to ones) will be beneficial to your work? †¢ Can we offer you counselling or some other support? 3. Job satisfaction †¢ What gives you most satisfaction in work? †¢ Are there any ways we can improve your job satisfaction? (environment improvement, technical assistance, providing opportunity to develop in a specific area†¦) †¢ Are there any new areas you feel you want to improve? 4. Agree on an action plan – Meeting to discuss on specific trainings – Counselling from line manager – Monthly reviews/one to ones to discuss results, difficulties, needs for further counselling. – New objectives 5. Positive finish. We’d like to encourage your personal performance and I will advise for a further personal development in a new direction. Analysing your strengths and implementing the agreed plan for improvement I believe you will achieve the targets placed. You can rely on my assistance and advice. I will make sure you will have a copy of the documents and all the points we agreed on and the action plan for further development.

Therapeutic Cloning essays

Therapeutic Cloning essays Cloning is to make an exact duplicate of something or someone. It is unfortunate that when most people think of the word clone they immediately think of horror movies and the cloning of human monsters, well thats not the case in reality. Cloning is actually very different from that point of view. There are three types of human cloning, all three with very different procedures and goals: embryo cloning, adult DNA cloning, and therapeutic cloning. Therapeutic cloning involves growing replacement organs such as a heart, liver, pancreas, or skin from a sample of a persons DNA. The procedure that would have to be done to accomplish this would involve the use of a human embryo that has been modified by cell nuclear replacement, and the extraction of the embryos stem cells. Therapeutic cloning has not yet been accomplished in a laboratory or clinic. However, a general approach in the future has been put together. It would involve a multiple step process: A DNA sample would be taken from a sick patient; the sample would be inserted into an embryo in place of the original DNA the embryo would be allowed to grow for around two weeks; the stem cells would be removed from the embryo (this is the destructive and controversial step, the embryo would be killed in the process); the stem cells would be encouraged to grow in different ways into whatever tissue or organ is needed by the patient. The stem cells are a unique form of a human ce ll that can theoretically develop into any organ or body parts of the body; then the tissue or organ would be transplanted into the patient. This sounds like the answere to many problems but there are still four major hurdles to overcome before the first useful results may be obtained, those being: stem cells must be successfully isolated and grown in a laboratory; They have to be encouraged to grow into specific cells types (which has been done for most of the 220 possible cell ty...

Product Costing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Product Costing - Essay Example But with the concept of management accounting system, John has decided to place in a better and sound managerial accounting system. The proposed solutions seem to be useful for John and Mary Farmers and other agricultural enterprises. Its basic aim is to gather better and vast information for managerial purposes and such information will be used in the long term as well. As, John and Mary Farmers are more keen in knowing the differences in the cost of production between farms and the profit difference between differing commodities produced over the years. To address this issue, the managerial accounting system will have its respected costs and profit centers. This method is more commonly known as â€Å"responsibility accounting†. Each service center is given its support cost centers. Those support cost centers are divided into activities and sites. These costs are further re-allocated to production cost centers. The marketing centers are concerned with the cost of marketing related with the products. Further on, profit centers are introduced, these profit centers account for both costs and revenue, the ke y performance measure of any profit center is therefore profit. This proposed costing system seems like a product costing system or an Activity Based Costing System. The benefit of having such systems is that each allocated center (either profit or cost) is responsible for its negative or positive variances. This system would prove beneficial for almost all agricultural businesses, with agricultural products having shorter life cycles and more complex production processes, this proposed system recognizes the complexity with its multiple cost drivers. Besides this, as the agricultural sector being a more competitive sector, this proposed system facilitates a better understanding of the driver of overhead costs. With all these positive feedbacks

Do we posses free will and are we ever morally responisble Essay

Do we posses free will and are we ever morally responisble - Essay Example Furthermore, the denial of free will leads to the fact that morality as a science of human responsibility and freedom of ethical choice loses its value. Not having the freedom of will, a person cannot take a free moral choice. Consequently, regardless of human actions including bad ones no one can punish a person because in this case the man is not morally responsible. From my point of view, these two arguments in favor of the existence of free will are sufficiently convincing. Nevertheless, opponents of the idea of free will can bring two rather serious counterarguments that have scientific and ethical character. According to the first scientific counterargument, human free will cannot exist for one simple reason. Every human act can be explained on the basis of the reason, which leads to its implementation. Specialists who deny free will demonstrate that regardless of what people do one can find reasons for their behavior and actions. Not by chance that many philosophers who had the opportunity to conduct scientific studies have concluded that human life, actions, and even thoughts are deterministic, since they have a cause. Therefore, free will cannot exist because determinism defines human life. For example, in addressing the issue of the relationship between free will and determinism, a well-known English philosopher Thomas Hobbes emerged as an opponent of the doctrine of free will (Duncan). Hobbes defined the will as the desire stemming from the preceding act of deliberation. The will is not arbitrary, said Hobbes, thus Hobbes denied any free will. Hobbes consistently and persistently p ursued the idea that the will itself is caused by other factors that do not depend on it. Therefore, all voluntary actions are caused by necessary reasons and are compelled. This logic may seem to be rather convincing and able to justify the denial of the existence of freedom. Nevertheless, if one continues to